Yaw Control

What is yaw control

Yaw control is the system in a wind turbine that makes sure the turbine’s blades face the wind and capture the maximum amount of energy. This process involves turning the nacelle (the housing on top of the tower) so the rotor faces the wind direction.

In simple terms, yaw control is the part of the turbine that holds the blades steady and aligned.

While vertical-axis turbines don’t need yaw systems, horizontal-axis turbines do. Modern turbines use either active or passive yaw systems depending on their size, cost, and purpose. Without yaw control, turbines would lose efficiency and also take on extra strain from the wind.

Types of yaw control

Yaw control in wind turbines is of two types: active and passive.

• Active yaw systems

            -    Use motors (electric or hydraulic) to rotate the nacelle

            -       Controlled automatically by sensors or manually through overrides

             -      Common in medium and large wind turbines

• Passive yaw systems

            - Use the force of the wind itself to turn the nacelle

             - Often include a tail fin (like a wind vane) that directs the rotor into the wind

                - Suitable for small turbines due to their low cost and simplicity

Importance of yaw control

Yaw control is crucial because it ensures turbines face the wind directly, maximizing energy capture and efficiency. Without proper yaw alignment, turbines generate less power and experience uneven stress, which can lead to higher wear, mechanical failures, and shorter lifespans.

Uses of yaw control

Yaw control is used to optimize power generation in horizontal-axis wind turbines by aligning the rotor with changing wind directions. It also helps protect turbines during high winds by adjusting angles to reduce strain. Yaw systems enable smoother operation, lower maintenance costs, and better integration of turbines into renewable energy grids.